英语语法最最基础的就是词性了!!因为后续的各种时态变化、从句很多的考点都是结合词性才产生的!要想学好语法,那就一定要打牢词性这个基础!1词性的分类词类又叫词性,英语单词根据其在句子中的功用,可以分成十个大类。1.名词noun n. student 学生2.代词pronoun pron. you 你3.形容词adjective adj. happy 高兴的4.副词 adverb adv. quickly 迅速地5.动词verb v. cut 砍、割6.数词numeral num. three 三7.冠词article art. a 一个8.介词preposition prep. at 在…9.连词conjunction conj. and 和10.感叹词interjection interj. oh 哦前六类叫实词,后四类叫虚词。
1)特指双方都明白的人或物:Take the medicine.把药吃了。2)上文提到过的人或事:He bought a house. I’ve been to the house.3)指世上独一物二的事物:the sun, the sky, the moon, the earth(敲黑板,这个是经常会在选择题中考到的知识点)4)单数名词连用表示一类事物,如:the dollar 美元;the fox 狐狸;5)用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词only, very, same等前面:Where do you live?I live on the second floor.你住在哪?我住在二层。6)与复数名词连用,指整个群体:They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师)They are teachers of this school.(指部分教师)7)用在专有名词前:the People‘s Republic of China中华人民共和国8) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人:the Greens格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)
a. 主语+谓语+倍数(或分数)+ as + adj. + asI have three times as many as you.我有你三倍那么多。b. 主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+ the size (amount,length…) of…The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。c. 主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+ 形容词(副词)比较级+ than…The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year.d. 还可以用by+倍数,表示增加多少倍The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.
2)分数表示法构成:基数词代表分子,序数词代表分母。分子大于1时,分子的序数词用单数,分母序数词用复数:1/3 one-third ;3/37 three and three-sevenths
1)friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,earlyThe Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.
1) close与closelyclose意思是“近”;closely 意思是“仔细地”He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.2)late 与latelylate意思是“晚”;lately 意思是“最近”You have come too late. What have you been doing lately?
1)状态系动词:用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如:He is a teacher.2)持续系动词:用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand,例如:He always kept silent at meeting.他开会时总保持沉默。
4)感官系动词:感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste,例如:This kind of cloth feels very soft.This flower smells very sweet.5)变化系动词:这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.例如:He became mad after that.自那之后,他疯了。6)终止系动词:表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, turn out, 表达“证实”,“变成”之意,例如:The search proved difficult.搜查证实很难。
9连词
连词是一种虚词, 它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词,短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类:并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。如:and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, for, hence, as well as, both…and, not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor, (and)then等等。
比较so和 such
such 是形容词,修饰名词或名词词组。
so是副词,只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many,few,much, little连用,形成固定搭配。so + adj. such + a(n) + n.so + adj. + a(n) + n. such + n. (pl.)so + adj. + n. (pl.) such +n. (pl.)so + adj. + n. [不可数] such +n. [不可数]so foolish ;such a foolso nice a flower;such a nice flowerso many/ few flowers;such nice flowersso much/little money;such rapid progressso many people ;such a lot of people10介词介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词,在句中不能单独作句子成分。
about大约…, after在…以后, at在… (时刻), before在…以前, by到…为止, during在…期间, for有…(之久), from从…(时)起, in在(上/下午);在(多久)以后, on在(某日), past过了…(时), since自从…(至今), through 贯穿…(期间), till直到…时, until直到…时, to到(下一时刻), ever since从那时起至今,at the beginning of在…开始时 ,at the end of在…末 , in the middle of在…当中 ,at the time of在…时