different反义词(difficult的反义词)

difficult的反义词(different反义词)中考英语核心词汇详解(H)

H

1. habit:n.习惯;习性

用法小结→关联词组:

good/bad habit好/坏习惯;

form the habit of养成……的习惯;

living habit生活习惯;

eating habit饮食习惯;

out of habit出于习惯;

break the habit改掉习惯

词性转换:

habitual adj.习惯的,习以为常的;

habitually adv.惯常,习惯地

(2019,山东卷,单项填空)

5.My brother has a healthy living habit. He stays up late, and he is an early bird.

A. usually B. hardly

C. often D. always

2. hang

v.悬挂;垂落;吊着;把……吊起

词形变化:过去式hung,过去分词hung

用法小结:

关联词组:

hang on坚持下去;握住不放;不挂断;

hang out闲逛;

hang up (the phone)挂断电话;

hang onto依附;紧紧抓住

用法:hang可作及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语;也可作不及物动词,其主动形式含有被动意义。例如:

You may hang your coat on the hook.

你可以把外套挂在钩子上。

All the shirts hang together in the same wardrobe.

所有的衬衫都挂在同一个衣橱里。

(2019,浙江卷,词汇运用)

44. We ____________ (很少地〕hang out at weekends recently.

3. happen

v.(偶然)发生;碰巧

用法小结:

1.表示“某地(某时)发生了什么事”,常用

“sth.+ happen +地点/时间”句型,此时主语为事情。例如:

The story happened in 1998.

这个故事发生在1998年。

2.表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”,常用

“sth.+ happen+to sb.”这一结构来表达。例如:

A car accident happened to her this morning.

今天上午她发生了交通事故。

What happened to you?=

what’s wrong with you?

你怎么啦?

3.表示“某人碰巧做某事”,常用

“sb.+ happen+ to do sth.”来表达。例如:

I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday.

昨天我碰巧在街上遇到了我的一个朋友。

4.表示“碰巧或恰巧发生某事”时,还可用

“It happens/happened that…”这一结构来表达。例如:

It happened that Brian and Peter were at home that day.

碰巧那天布莱恩和彼得在家了。

注:that从句中的主语是人时,该结构可与“sb.+ happen + to do sth.”结构互换。例如:

It happened that Brian and Peter were at home that day.= Brian and Peter happened to be at home that day.

词性转换:happening n.发生的事(常用复数):

There have been strange happenings here lately. 这儿最近发生了一些怪事。

(2019,浙江卷,完形填空)

How did this happen? I ___17___ we were friends.

17. A. found B. admitted

C. realized D. thought

4. hard

adj.硬的;困难的;努力的;

adv.努力地;艰难地;猛烈地

用法小结:

形容词词组:

hard disk硬盘;

hard drive硬盘驱动器;

have a hard time过得艰难;

hard copy硬拷贝;复印件

副词词组:

work hard努力工作(学习);

try hard努力

hard和hardly区别:

1.hard既是形容词,又是自己的副词,表示“努力的(地)”、“猛烈的(地)”;

2.hardly只作副词,其词义与hard相去甚远,指“几乎不”,表示否定概念。试比较:

He works hard.他努力工作。

He hardly works.他几乎不工作。

词性转换:

hardness n.硬度;

harden v.硬化;变硬;

hardship n.困苦,艰难险阻;

同义词:difficult adj.困难的

反义词:soft adj.软的;温柔的;

easy adj.容易的,简单的

(2019,浙江卷,完形)

Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working go-kart and painted it light blue.

5. health:n.健康,卫生

用法小结:

关联词组:

health care卫生保健;

physical health身体健康;

mental health心理健康;

World Health Organization世界卫生组织

词性转换:

healthy adj.健康的,健全的;healthily adv.健康地;

healthiness n.健康,健全

同义词:fitness n.健康;适当

(2019,山东卷,单项填空)

21. Tennis can exercise all of our muscles (肌肉) . And it requires _________to spend time with others. This is good for our health, too.

A. ours B. us C. we

6. hear:v.听到;听说

词形变化:过去式heard,过去分词heard

关联词组:

hear from sb.收到某人的信;

hear about听说,得知;

hear of听说过

1.hear与listen的区别:hear强调“听见”,即听的结果;listen强调听的动作;

2.hear sb. do sth.表示听到某人做某事的全过程;

hear sb. doing sth.强调听到某人正在做某事。试比较:

I heard him sing a song yesterday.

昨天我听见他唱了一支歌。

I could hear people singing happily next door.我可以听见隔壁有人在欢快地唱歌。

(2019,江苏卷,单项填空)

9.Could you speak in a loud voice so that I canhear you _______________?

A. quickly B. happily

C. slowly D. clearly

7. heat:n.热,高温;v.加热;使激动

用法小结:

词组:

heat wave热浪;

heat stroke中暑;

heat up加热

词性转换:

heated adj.热的;激动地,激烈的:

heated discussion激烈的讨论;

heater n.加热器

(2019,山东卷,动词应用)

The accident also caused heated discussions on the Internet.

8. heavy:adj.(沉)重的;大量的,严重的

用法小结:

除了可指重量之外,heavy常用来表示数量、程度或严重性之大,常见搭配有:

heavy traffic拥挤的交通;

heavy rain/snow大雨/雪;

heavy drinking/smoking大量饮酒/吸烟

词性转换:

heavily adv.沉重地;猛烈地;

heaviness n.沉重;沉闷

反义词:light adj.轻的

(2019,江苏卷,阅读B)

26. What does the table above show?

A. How heavy an egg can be.

B. How long to cook an egg in a pan.

C. How to make an egg sink.

D. How to check the age of an egg.

9. help:v.&n.帮助,帮忙

用法小结→动词词组:

help oneself (to sth.)自用(食物),自取所需;

can’t help (doing sth.)忍不住(做),情不自禁

名词词组:

with the help of sb.=

with sb.’s help

在……的帮助下;

ask for help寻求帮助

1.help作动词时,即是及物动词,也是不及物动词。常用结构有

help (sb.) with+名词,

help (sb.) in doing sth.,

help (sb.) (to) do sth.(接不定式时可以省略to):

He always helps (her) with the housework.

他总是帮着(她)做家务。

She helped (me) (to) organize the party.

她协助(我)筹备了晚会。

2.help做名词时,表示“帮助”时,常接介词with;还可以指“有帮助的人或物”,这时常接介词to:

Your advice was a big help to me.

你的建议对我很有帮助。

词性转换:

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