按用途分
种类 |
类型 |
例句 |
陈述句 |
肯定句 |
We love our motherland.我们热爱祖国。 |
否定句 |
They don’t go to work on Sundays.他们星期日不上班。 |
|
疑问句 |
一般疑问句 |
Are you a worker?你是个工人吗? Haven’t you seen the film?你没看过这部电影吗? |
特殊疑问句 |
Who is the man?这人是谁? When do you watch TV?你什么时间看电视? What are they doing now?他们现在正在干什么? |
|
选择疑问句 |
Do you want tea or coffee? Either will do.你要茶水还是要咖啡?哪种都行。 Does he learn Japanese or French? He learns French.他学日语还是学法语?他学法语。 |
|
反意疑问句 |
They are going to the airport aren’t they?他们要去机场,是吗? You haven’t finished your homework have you?你没做完作业,是吗? |
|
祈使句 |
肯定句 |
Be sure to get there at eight.务必八点钟到那儿。 |
否定句 |
Don’t worry. I’ll help you out.别担心,我会帮助你的。 |
|
感叹句 |
what +名词 |
What great changes we have had these years!这几年我们有了多么大的变化啊! What a fine day it is!多好的天气呀! |
how +形容词或副词 |
How brave he is!他多么勇敢呀! How hard they are working!他们工作多努力呀! |
|
how +句子 |
How time flies!时间过得多么快呀! |
|
How + adj. + a (an) + n.=What a(an)+adj.+n |
How nice a boy (he is) !=What a nice boy (he is)!多好的孩子啊! |
按结构分
种类 |
类型 |
例句 |
简单句 |
主+谓 |
They disappeared.他们消失了。 |
主+谓+宾 |
He likes swimming.他喜欢游泳。 We help each other.我们互相帮助。 |
|
主+谓+间宾+直接宾 |
I told my friend the good news.我把好消息告诉了我的朋友。 They sent us a telegram.他们给我们拍了电报。 |
|
主+谓+宾+宾补 |
They named the boy Jack.他们给孩子起名叫杰克。 I want everything ready by eight o’clock.我要求一切都要在八点前准备好。 |
|
主+系+表 |
She is a university student.她是一名大学生。 He has become a pilot.他已成为一名飞行员。 |
|
并列句 |
并列关系and not only…but also neither …nor both…and not…but |
EitheryoudoitorIaskforsomebodyelsetodoit.要么你来做,要么我请其他人来做。 NeitherTomnorJackhasfinishedthehomework.汤姆和杰克都没有完成作业。 Notcouldn’ttheycompletethetaskbutthetaskwastootough. 不是他们完不成任务,而是任务太重了。 |
转折关系butwhile(而,尽管) nevertheless(然而;不过) |
Johnlikesplayingbasketballbuthedidn’tplayityesterday.约翰喜欢打篮球,但他昨天没打。 |
|
选择关系or otherwise or else either…or |
We must hurry or we’ll miss the train.我们必须快点,否则会赶不上火车。 Either you come to my place or I go to yours.或者你到我这儿来,或者我到你那去。 |
|
因果关系for so thus therefore and so |
We had better stay at home for it was raining.我们最好呆在家里,因为天正在下雨。 He didn’t work hard therefore he failed in the examination. 他学习不努力,因此这次考试不及格。 |
|
复合句 |
由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。在复合句中主句是全句的主体,从句是全句的一个成分,不能独立。 |
从句有:名词性从句(主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句和同位语从句) 状语从句 定语从句 (详细请看以下各节罗列的内容) |